{"id":2215,"date":"2013-11-01T05:56:53","date_gmt":"2013-11-01T05:56:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/?p=2215"},"modified":"2013-11-10T06:00:44","modified_gmt":"2013-11-10T06:00:44","slug":"profesiunea-didactica-din-perspectiva-emotionala","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/profesiunea-didactica-din-perspectiva-emotionala","title":{"rendered":"Profesiunea didactic\u0103 din perspectiv\u0103 emo\u021bional\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cenvestit \u00een a modela personalit\u0103\u0163i conform cerin\u0163elor societ\u0103\u0163ii, PROFESORUL este \u201cconceput ca voce a culturii, ca voce animatoare \u015fi stimulatoare\u201d (A. Christophe), ca exponent al culturii emo\u0163ionale, construct ce integreaz\u0103 \u00een aria inteligen\u0163ei academice \u015fi spectrul tr\u0103irilor emo\u0163ionale. Profesiunea didactic\u0103 se distinge de toate celelalte profesiuni prin specificul ei social, de a realiza un permanent transfer de cultur\u0103, de cuno\u015ftin\u0163e, de experien\u0163e din care noile genera\u0163ii s\u0103 extrag\u0103 ceea ce le faciliteaz\u0103 existen\u0163a (I. Popa). Pentru ca acest transfer s\u0103 fie eficient, e necesar\u0103 o abordare complet\u0103 \u015fi complex\u0103 care s\u0103 integreze \u015fi cultura emo\u0163ional\u0103, aflat\u0103 la intersec\u0163ia dintre psiho-afectivitate \u015fi \u015ftiin\u0163\u0103. Totodat\u0103, permanentele schimb\u0103ri din \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103m\u00e2ntul rom\u00e2nesc solicit\u0103 personalit\u0103\u0163i puternice, inteligente, bine preg\u0103tite, apte s\u0103 organizeze \u015fi s\u0103 conduc\u0103 procese educa\u0163ionale \u00een manier\u0103 competent\u0103 \u0219i creatoare.<br \/>\n<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u00cen contextul societ\u0103\u0163ii de azi, personalit\u0103\u0163ile complexe \u015fi dinamice integratoare trebuie s\u0103 dovedeasc\u0103 o permanent\u0103 adaptare la schimb\u0103rile inevitabile, specifice ritmului alert al evolu\u0163iei socio-culturale. Astfel se avanseaz\u0103 noi provoc\u0103ri educa\u0163iei, care trebuie s\u0103 ia \u00een considerare for\u0163a esen\u0163ial\u0103 a emo\u0163iilor \u00een propulsarea pozitiv\u0103 pe orbita existen\u0163ial\u0103, \u00een rezolvarea rezonabil\u0103 a situa\u0163iilor vie\u0163ii, emo\u0163iile oferind energie \u015fi sus\u0163inere motivatoare.<\/p>\n<p>Conceptul de cultur\u0103 emo\u0163ional\u0103 integreaz\u0103 calit\u0103\u0163i \u015fi capacit\u0103\u0163i emo\u0163ionale, comunicative, reglatorii personale ce asigur\u0103 con\u015ftientizarea, acceptarea \u015fi reglarea st\u0103rilor \u015fi sentimentelor proprii \u015fi ale altora \u015fi determin\u0103 gradul de productivitate a activit\u0103\u0163ii, succesul interac\u0163iunilor interpersonale \u015fi dezvoltarea personal\u0103. \u00centr-o lume complex\u0103, echilibrul afectiv, capacitatea de a rela\u0163iona, cooperarea, autoafirmarea devin competen\u0163e din ce \u00een ce mai importante, deoarece emo\u0163iile necontrolate, negative genereaz\u0103 blocaje, disconfort, \u00een timp ce o manageriere pozitiv\u0103 a vie\u0163ii emo\u0163ionale, cu empatizare conduce la cre\u015fterea fluxului comunic\u0103rii, a motiva\u0163iei sociale, dezv\u0103luind str\u00e2nse leg\u0103turi \u00eentre cultura emo\u0163ional\u0103 \u015fi performan\u0163a individual\u0103 \u00een adaptarea la schimb\u0103ri. Investiga\u0163iile asupra dimensiunilor culturii emo\u0163ionale au ilustrat aptitudini sociale, competen\u0163e interpersonale, maturitate psihologic\u0103 \u015fi con\u015ftiin\u0163\u0103 emo\u0163ional\u0103. O aten\u0163ie sporit\u0103 se aloc\u0103 competen\u0163elor emo\u0163ionale, abordate ca metacompeten\u0163e, care determin\u0103 \u015fi explic\u0103 mecanismul de ac\u0163ionare a persoanelor \u00een situa\u0163ii diverse, modul \u00een care-\u015fi folose\u015fte propriile capacit\u0103\u0163i pentru a-i \u00een\u0163elege pe cei din jur \u015fi pentru autocontrol afectiv.<\/p>\n<p>Literatura de specialitate analizeaz\u0103 cultura emo\u0163ional\u0103 sub toate aspectele, converg\u00e2nd spre str\u00e2nsa leg\u0103tur\u0103 dintre poten\u0163ialul afectiv \u015fi orientarea emo\u0163ional\u0103 a unei persoane \u015fi gradul de dezvoltare a culturii emo\u0163ionale a unei personalit\u0103\u0163i. Aceasta este un construct de achizi\u0163ii intelectuale reflectate \u00een cuno\u015ftin\u0163e despre emo\u0163ionalitate, ce condi\u0163ioneaz\u0103 fericirea social\u0103 a individului, contribuind la adaptare socio-afectiv\u0103 optim\u0103. Cultura emo\u0163ional\u0103 este condi\u0163ia de baz\u0103 pentru ca o persoan\u0103 s\u0103 func\u0163ioneze eficient \u015fi eficace din punct de vedere social. Cu maturitate \u015fi creativitate emo\u0163ionale, o personalitate poate s\u0103 con\u015ftientizeze, s\u0103 decodifice \u015fi s\u0103-\u015fi dezvolte informa\u0163iile emo\u0163ionale \u015fi s\u0103 elaboreze strategii de adaptare la situa\u0163ii noi.<\/p>\n<p>Prin urmare, se pot delimita urm\u0103toarele componente ale culturii emo\u0163ionale:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>componenta cognitiv\u0103, ce vizeaz\u0103 cuno\u015ftin\u0163e despre esen\u0163a \u015fi legit\u0103\u0163ile dezvolt\u0103rii vie\u0163ii umane, despre factorii care determin\u0103 nivelul emo\u0163ionalit\u0103\u0163ii, cunoa\u015fterea modalit\u0103\u0163ilor de acumulare \u015fi autoreglare a experien\u0163elor emo\u0163ionale;<\/li>\n<li>componenta empatic\u0103, care presupune capacitatea de transpunere afectiv\u0103 \u00een situa\u0163ia interlocutorului, de recunoa\u015ftere a emo\u0163iilor, de \u00een\u0163elegere a cauzelor anumitor st\u0103ri emo\u0163ionale, sensibilitate emo\u0163ional\u0103 \u015fi atitudini de respect \u00een raport cu tr\u0103irile afective, tendin\u0163a spre frumos, dorin\u0163a de a bucura pe al\u0163ii \u015fi, \u00een general, percep\u0163ia pozitiv\u0103 a lumii;<\/li>\n<li>componenta reflexiv\u0103, ce include capacitatea de a \u00een\u0163elege emo\u0163iile proprii, de a explica propriile atitudini, st\u0103rile emo\u0163ionale \u015fi cauzele apari\u0163iei acestora, capacitatea de a analiza expresiile emo\u0163ionale \u00een func\u0163ie de cuno\u015ftin\u0163ele, experien\u0163ele \u015fi particularit\u0103\u0163ile vie\u0163ii sale emo\u0163ionale;<\/li>\n<li>componenta motiva\u0163ional\u0103, exprimat\u0103 \u00een actualizarea trebuin\u0163ei de autoorganizare a tr\u0103irilor emo\u0163ionale, tendin\u0163a spre stabilitate \u015fi expresivitate emo\u0163ional\u0103, definind con\u0163inutul idealului personalit\u0103\u0163ii;<\/li>\n<li>componenta reglatorie, concretizat\u0103 \u00een capacitatea de a monitoriza propriile emo\u0163ii, de a determina cauzele dificult\u0103\u0163ilor \u00een unele situa\u0163ii existen\u0163iale, ce provoac\u0103 emo\u0163ii negative, capacitate de a elabora strategii de schimbare a conduitei, de a provoca emo\u0163ii pozitive, de a determina strategia ac\u0163iunilor proprii, ce asigur\u0103 integritate emo\u0163ional\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u201e<em>Profesiunea de educator, ca de altfel orice profesiune, este rezultatul preg\u0103tirii prin studii, acumul\u00e2nd o anumit\u0103 cultur\u0103 profesional\u0103, la nivelul unor competen\u0163e pedagogice specifice.<\/em>\u2019\u2019- sus\u0163ine I. Nicola. Prin urmare, formarea ini\u0163ial\u0103 \u015fi cea continu\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 contribuie la des\u0103v\u00e2r\u015firea culturii profesionale, general\u0103 \u015fi filozofic\u0103, dar \u015fi de specialitate \u015fi psihopedagogic\u0103. Numai prin acumularea a c\u00e2t mai multe competen\u0163e, forma\u0163ia cultural\u0103 a unui cadru didactic va fi mai valoroas\u0103. Ca entitate a culturii profesionale, subscriem \u015fi cultura emo\u0163ional\u0103, ca component\u0103 psihopedagogic\u0103 a profesionalismului pedagogic, ca element cu rol de activare a func\u0163ionalit\u0103\u0163ii \u00eentregii personalit\u0103\u0163i a cadrului didactic.<\/p>\n<p>Cultura profesional\u0103 are un vast c\u00e2mp de manifestare \u015fi redefine\u015fte dimensiunile profesionalismului la nivelul competen\u0163elor psihopedagogice, care determin\u0103 eficien\u0163a \u015fi dezvoltarea continu\u0103 a profesorilor, remodelarea profesional\u0103 \u015fi social\u0103. Din analiza conceptului de eficien\u0163\u0103 desprindem rolul ac\u0163iunilor pedagogice, realizate de cadrul didactic \u00eenspre \u00eendeplinire, creare, producere, eficacitate, putere \u015fi pozitivism. Nota fundamental\u0103 desprins\u0103 din definirea eficien\u0163ei \u00een domeniul educa\u0163ional este exprimat\u0103, dup\u0103 cum relev\u0103 I. Popa, \u00een termenul de reu\u015fit\u0103 deosebit\u0103 sau succes care a devenit modul suprem de a aprecia calitatea unei persoane, \u2019\u2019sisteme sociale prin care societatea \u00ee\u015fi formuleaz\u0103 valorile\u2019\u2019.<\/p>\n<p>Asupra aptitudinilor pedagogice, ca parte a culturii profesionale, s-au efectuat cercet\u0103ri pe mai multe planuri: Pavelcu V. define\u015fte m\u0103iestria pedagogic\u0103 ca fiind aptitudinea de a face accesibil\u0103 materia, corelat\u0103 cu alte aspecte semnificative: limbajul corect, spiritul de observa\u0163ie, tactul pedagogic etc. Dragu A. (1998), Marcus S. (1999) definesc aptitudinea pedagogic\u0103 ca \u201d<em>particularitatea individual\u0103 de a surprinde \u015fi traduce \u00een practic\u0103 modalitatea optim\u0103 de transmitere a cuno\u015ftin\u0163elor \u015fi de formare a intereselor pentru cunoa\u015ftere<\/em>\u201d. N. Mitrofan (1988) a stabilit experimental c\u0103 structura psihologic\u0103 a aptitudinii pedagogice implic\u0103 mai multe componente ce configureaz\u0103 urm\u0103toarele tipuri de competen\u0163e: competen\u0163\u0103 politico-moral\u0103, competen\u0163\u0103 profesional-\u015ftiin\u0163ific\u0103, competen\u0163\u0103 psiho-pedagogic\u0103 \u015fi competen\u0163\u0103 psiho-social\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Abord\u00e2nd problema succesului necesar \u00een\u00a0 profesia didactic\u0103, ca \u015fi a importan\u0163ei eficien\u0163ei, a voca\u0163iei \u015fi a culturii profesionale, I. Popa (2002) creioneaz\u0103 \u00eensu\u015firile generale ale personalit\u0103\u0163ii cadrului didactic, \u2019\u2019inteligen\u0163a, sim\u0163ul m\u0103surii, principialitatea, bog\u0103\u0163ia sentimentelor \u015fi atitudinea fa\u0163\u0103 de problematica social\u0103, st\u0103p\u00e2nirea de sine, perseveren\u0163a, modestia, capacitatea de a entuziasma pentru valorile culturii\u2019\u2019 \u015fi \u00eensu\u015firile speciale ce se cer voca\u0163iei profesorului: \u201dafectivitatea, varietatea spectrului emo\u0163ional, sensibilitatea \u015fi intensitatea sentimentelor fa\u0163\u0103 de educa\u0163i, receptivitatea la problematica vie\u0163ii acestora\u201d. Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 toate acestea, optimismul pedagogic este \u00eensu\u015firea fundamental\u0103 a profesorului eficient, ce reprezint\u0103 un model de competen\u0163\u0103 profesional\u0103.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Bibliografie:<\/strong><\/em><br \/>\n1. Andre, Christophe, Cum s\u0103 ne exprim\u0103m emo\u0163iile \u015fi sentimentele, Bucure\u015fti, Editura Trei, 2008.<br \/>\n2. Cojocaru-Borozan, Maia, Teoria culturii emo\u0163ionale, Chi\u015fin\u0103u, Tipografia UPS \u201cIon Creang\u0103\u201d, 2010<br \/>\n3. Gliga, L., (coordonator), Standarde profesionale pentru profesia didactic\u0103, Bucure\u015fti, Ministerul Educa\u0163iei \u015fi Cercet\u0103rii, 2002<br \/>\n4. Ignat, Aurora-Adina, Educa\u0163ie emo\u0163ional\u0103, suport de curs, 2011<br \/>\n5. Marcus, S., David, T., Predescu, A., Empatia \u015fi rela\u0163ia profesor-elev, Bucure\u015fti, Editura Academiei, 1987<br \/>\n6. P\u0103un, E., Profesionalizarea carierei didactice, \u00een Standarde profesionale pentru profesia didactic\u0103, Bucure\u015fti, CNPP, 2002<br \/>\n7. Schipor, Doina, B\u0103lan, Carmen, Psihologia educa\u0163iei, suport de curs, 2005<br \/>\n8. Vernon, A., Dezvoltarea inteligen\u0163ei emo\u0163ionale. Educa\u0163ie ra\u0163ional-emotiv\u0103, Editura ASCR, Cluj-Napoca, 2004.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cenvestit \u00een a modela personalit\u0103\u0163i conform cerin\u0163elor societ\u0103\u0163ii, PROFESORUL este \u201cconceput ca voce a culturii, ca voce animatoare \u015fi stimulatoare\u201d (A. Christophe), ca exponent al culturii emo\u0163ionale, construct ce integreaz\u0103 \u00een aria inteligen\u0163ei academice \u015fi spectrul tr\u0103irilor emo\u0163ionale. Profesiunea didactic\u0103 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/profesiunea-didactica-din-perspectiva-emotionala\">Cite\u0219te continuarea <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[237],"class_list":["post-2215","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articole-propuse","tag-dorina-dulceac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2215","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2215"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2215\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2241,"href":"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2215\/revisions\/2241"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2215"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2215"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2215"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}