{"id":7434,"date":"2018-04-17T07:00:45","date_gmt":"2018-04-17T04:00:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/?p=7434"},"modified":"2018-04-17T07:34:47","modified_gmt":"2018-04-17T04:34:47","slug":"eficientizarea-demersului-educativ-prin-coaching","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/eficientizarea-demersului-educativ-prin-coaching","title":{"rendered":"Eficientizarea demersului educativ prin coaching"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>No\u021biunea de coaching, originar\u0103 din limba englez\u0103 \u0219i \u00eemprumutat\u0103 domeniului sportiv, \u00eenseamn\u0103 \u201eantrenament\u201d, \u201eantrenare\u201d \u0219i se refer\u0103 la un parteneriat \u00eentre un <em>coach<\/em> (antrenor) \u0219i clientul s\u0103u, client care dore\u0219te s\u0103 ating\u0103 un anume obiectiv, \u00een sensul evolu\u021biei sau cre\u0219terii performan\u021bei sale, \u00een plan profesional \u0219i\/sau individual. Conceptul a ap\u0103rut \u00een urm\u0103 cu mai mult de 25 de ani \u0219i a fost puternic influen\u021bat de succesul program\u0103rii neuro\u2013lingvistice, \u00een America; <em>coachingul<\/em> a evoluat ca metod\u0103 de dezvoltare personal\u0103 \u0219i este, actualmente, o ramur\u0103 de consultan\u021b\u0103 extrem de prolific\u0103, foarte apreciat\u0103, cu rezultate excelente \u0219i, uneori, chiar uimitoare, av\u00e2nd o viziune eminamente practic\u0103, pozitiv orientat\u0103 spre dezvoltarea poten\u021bialului uman.<br \/>\n<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Se pare c\u0103 exist\u0103 mai multe tipuri sau sisteme de coaching, fiecare coach av\u00e2nd propria sa cale de a-\u0219i conduce clientul c\u0103tre \u021belurile pozitive pe care acesta \u0219i le-a stabilit, de pild\u0103, coaching eclectic, coaching specific &#8211; NLP, neuro-semantica, coaching sistemic, focusing, analiza tranzac\u021bional\u0103, coaching informal (de exemplu, coachingul bazat pe principii spirituale). \u00cen aceea\u0219i ordine de ide, exist\u0103 diferite \u0219coli de coaching, fiecare \u0219coal\u0103 av\u00e2nd propria defini\u021bie a coachingului, propriile instrumente de lucru \u0219i propriile a\u0219tept\u0103ri.<\/p>\n<p>Pentru c\u0103 no\u021biunea de coaching a prins contur \u00een Rom\u00e2nia \u00een ultimii ani, de cele mai multe ori, no\u021biunea de coaching a fost confundat\u0103 cu psihoterapia (\u00eens\u0103 aceasta presupune existen\u021ba unei afec\u021biuni psihice, a unui psihodiagnostic \u0219i a unor metode de remediere), cu consilierea psihologic\u0103 (care se adreseaz\u0103 indivizilor sanatosi, av\u00e2nd \u00een centru evaluarea psihologic\u0103 \u0219i sf\u0103tuirea clientului, \u00een scopuri adaptative), cu conceptul de mentoring\u00a0 (proces ce presupune ca un expert \u00eentr-un domeniu profesional s\u0103 supervizeze un coleg subaltern, cu un grad de experien\u021b\u0103 mai mic) sau training (\u00een cadrul c\u0103rora grupuri de oameni sunt instrui\u021bi, \u00een cadrul unui proces de formare cu tem\u0103 specific\u0103).<\/p>\n<p>Educa\u021bia prin coaching presupune a\u0219adar o evolu\u021bie con\u0219tient\u0103 a elevului, evolu\u021bie care s\u0103 \u00eembine armonios \u00een\u021belegerea propriului sine, autocunoa\u0219terea \u0219i dep\u0103\u0219irea unor limite, \u00een vederea atingerii performan\u021bei \u00eentr-un anumit context, prin definirea \u0219i atingerea nivelului de excelen\u021b\u0103 individual\u0103. \u00cen cadrul acestui demers educativ, rolul profesorului este unul esen\u021bial, \u00eentruc\u00e2t acesta este instan\u021ba apt\u0103 s\u0103 identifice resursele pe care fiecare elev le are \u0219i s\u0103 construiasc\u0103 strategii care s\u0103 permit\u0103 atingerea obiectivelor specifice. Propun\u00e2nd o schimbare generativ\u0103, acest demers educativ presupune operarea cu abilit\u0103\u021bi, talente, cuno\u0219tin\u021be, cu scopul de a crea ceva calitativ superior. Astfel, elevul, \u00een calitate de client al educa\u021biei prin coaching, se adreseaz\u0103 unui profesor-coach, av\u00e2nd aspira\u021bii c\u0103tre ceva mai bun, c\u0103tre succes \u0219i dezvoltare, av\u00e2nd vise, dorin\u021be sau chiar viziuni \u00eendr\u0103zne\u021be, fiind \u00een c\u0103utarea unor mijloace de a dezvolta rela\u021bii mai bune, de a comunica eficient, de a-\u0219i stabili scopuri armonioase, a c\u0103ror atingere s\u0103 genereze satisfac\u021bie, echilibru \u0219i autocontrol.<\/p>\n<p>Se impune ca profesorul care promoveaz\u0103 educa\u021bia prin coaching s\u0103 desf\u0103\u0219oare activit\u0103\u021bi practice, organizate, planificate, sistematice \u0219i con\u0219tiente (deoarece educa\u021bia informal\u0103 se realizeaz\u0103 \u00een mod incon\u0219tient, neplanificat \u0219i neorganizat, pe c\u00e2nd educa\u021bia formal\u0103 \u00eendepline\u0219te toate aceste caracteristici, specifice coachingului). \u00cen plus, at\u00e2t educa\u021bia, c\u00e2t \u0219i coachingul, sunt activit\u0103\u021bi specific umane (doar omul fiind capabil de g\u00e2ndire ra\u021bional\u0103 \u0219i con\u0219tiin\u021b\u0103), iar una dintre calit\u0103\u021bile fundamentale ale coach-ului, respectiv ale educatorului este dragostea pentru oameni. At\u00e2t educa\u021bia, c\u00e2t \u0219i coachingul, au efecte formative (inclusiv educa\u021bia informal\u0103) \u0219i se centreaz\u0103 pe ob\u021binerea performan\u021bei (\u00een cazul educa\u021biei, doar cea formal\u0103); \u00een acest sens, pentru a ob\u021bine eficien\u021b\u0103, este necesar\u0103 egalitatea \u00eentre coach \u0219i client, respectiv \u00eentre educator \u0219i educat, chiar dac\u0103, \u00een mod evident, o diferen\u021b\u0103 exist\u0103, coach-ul, respectiv educatorul, av\u00e2nd roluri de \u00eendrum\u0103tori \/ \u00eenso\u021bitori, situ\u00e2ndu-se pe o pozi\u021bie de verticalitate \u00een raport cu cel \u00eendrumat \/ \u00eenso\u021bit (important este ca acesta din urm\u0103 s\u0103 se simt\u0103 tratat ca un egal!) O alt\u0103 asem\u0103nare \u00eentre cele dou\u0103 demersuri o reprezint\u0103 orientarea spre viitor, clientul, dar \u0219i educatul fiind \u00een curs de \u201epreg\u0103tire\u201d pentru ceva ce nu s-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat \u00eenc\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Totodat\u0103, \u0219i \u00een coaching, \u0219i \u00een educa\u021bie, este nevoie de motivare \u0219i cooperare din partea ambelor p\u0103r\u021bi (coach-ul, f\u0103r\u0103 cooperarea clientului nu poate realiza nimic, dup\u0103 cum, nici educatorul, de unul singur, nu poate \u00eenf\u0103ptui mare lucru f\u0103r\u0103 obiectul educa\u021biei, elevul); este necesar\u0103, a\u0219adar, voin\u021ba \u0219i atitudinea proactiv\u0103 a ambelor tabere, care s\u0103 devin\u0103 pentru o perioad\u0103 determinat\u0103 de timp un tot.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen\u021belegerea no\u021biunii de educa\u021bie prin coaching se impune mai ales\u00a0 atunci c\u00e2nd numeroase \u0219coli se confrunt\u0103 cu lipsa de motivare \u0219i dezinteresul elevilor fa\u021b\u0103 de \u0219coal\u0103, precum \u0219i cu lipsa de implicare a p\u0103rin\u021bilor,\u00a0 acestea fiind dificult\u0103\u021bile invocate cel mai des de c\u0103tre profesori. \u00cen majoritatea liceelor, indiferent de nivelul de performan\u021b\u0103, exist\u0103 o lips\u0103 de comunicare \u0219i de colaborare \u00eentre profesori, precum \u0219i \u00eentre cadrele didactice-elevi-p\u0103rin\u021bi. Absenteismul \u0219i violen\u021ba, sub diverse forme, ating cote alarmante. \u00cen timp ce \u00een mediile dezavantajate exis\u0103 un risc sporit de abandon, acolo unde standardul de via\u021b\u0103 este ridicat, riscurile sunt de alt\u0103 natur\u0103 (ex. consumul de droguri). \u00cen plus, exist\u0103 o fractur\u0103 \u00eentre \u0219coal\u0103 \u0219i via\u021ba real\u0103, iar programa \u0219colar\u0103 nu r\u0103spunde cerin\u021belor mediului de afaceri.<\/p>\n<p>Un exemplu concret este oferit de asocia\u021bia ROI (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.aroi.ro\">www.aroi.ro<\/a>), organiza\u021bie neguvernamental\u0103 \u0219i non-profit, care a derulat cu succes, \u00een perioada 2012-2013, un proiect-pilot, care a demonstrat c\u0103 este posibil\u0103 ob\u021binerea de rezultate excep\u021bionale atunci c\u00e2nd profesorii, elevii, p\u0103rin\u021bii \u0219i al\u021bi reprezentan\u021bi ai comunit\u0103\u021bii lucreaz\u0103 \u00eempreun\u0103, \u00een echip\u0103. Zburd-Educa\u021bie prin Coaching, proiectul-pilot, a pornit \u00een 5 licee tehnologice cu rezultate slabe la BAC \u0219i majoritatea elevilor provenind din medii defavorizate. \u00cen 2011, la momentul select\u0103rii, liceele respective aveau o rat\u0103 a promovabilit\u0103\u021bii situat\u0103 \u00eentre 2% \u0219i 18%, dar \u00een 2013, aceste licee au \u00eenregistrat cre\u0219teri importante (de 2-3 ori fa\u021b\u0103 de o cre\u0219tere medie de 20% la nivel na\u021bional). Ca urmare a implement\u0103rii proiectului, s-au ob\u021binut \u0219i alte rezultate, precum: elevii au ob\u0163inut o mai mare \u00eencredere \u00een sine \u0219i au \u00eenv\u0103\u021bat s\u0103 lucreze \u00een echip\u0103; comunicarea profesori-elevi s-a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit; p\u0103rin\u021bii au \u00eenceput s\u0103 se implice \u00een via\u021ba \u0219colii.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen concluzie, acest demers educativ, bazat pe ceea ce generic numim coaching, lucreaz\u0103 cu obiective, utilizeaz\u0103 ca metod\u0103, printre altele, maieutica socratic\u0103, iar \u00eentreb\u0103rile specifice proiect\u0103rii didactice par \u00eemprumutate modelului GROW, acestea fiind: \u201eCe voi face?\u201d (obiective); \u201eCu ce voi face?\u201d (resurse); \u201eCum voi face?\u201d (strategii); \u201eCum voi \u0219ti c\u0103 am realizat ceea ce mi-am propus?\u201d (evaluarea performan\u021bei), o dovad\u0103 \u00een plus c\u0103 societatea mileniului III se impune up-gradat\u0103 la exigen\u021bele noii genera\u021bii.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Webografie:<\/strong><\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/coachingpartners.ro\/coaching-versus-educatie\/\">coachingpartners.ro\/coaching-versus-educatie\/<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/aroi.ro\/educatie-prin-coaching\/\">aroi.ro\/educatie-prin-coaching\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>No\u021biunea de coaching, originar\u0103 din limba englez\u0103 \u0219i \u00eemprumutat\u0103 domeniului sportiv, \u00eenseamn\u0103 \u201eantrenament\u201d, \u201eantrenare\u201d \u0219i se refer\u0103 la un parteneriat \u00eentre un coach (antrenor) \u0219i clientul s\u0103u, client care dore\u0219te s\u0103 ating\u0103 un anume obiectiv, \u00een sensul evolu\u021biei sau cre\u0219terii &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/eficientizarea-demersului-educativ-prin-coaching\">Cite\u0219te continuarea <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[765],"class_list":["post-7434","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articole-propuse","tag-izabela-panait"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7434","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7434"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7434\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7436,"href":"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7434\/revisions\/7436"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7434"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7434"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iteach.ro\/experientedidactice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7434"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}