5 ways of expressing purpose 1) The long infinitive alone; e.g. I want to speak to you. Note: When there is a personal object of the main verb, the infinitive may refer to this and not to the subject. e.g.: He sent Tom to the shop to buy some bread. 2) The affirmative purpose expressed by the analytical subjunctive in the informal style with “can” (with present time reference) and “could” (with past time reference); e.g. Mother will give him the money so that/in order that he can buy the book. e.g. Mother gave him the money so that he could buy the book. 3) The affirmative purpose expressed by the analytical subjunctive in the formal style with “may” (with present time reference) and “might” (with past time reference); e.g. He will be granted the loan so that he may buy the house. e.g. He was granted the loan so that he might buy the house. 4) The affirmative purpose expressed by the analytical subjunctive in the neutral style with “will” (with present time reference) and “would” (with past time reference); e.g. I will give you the money so that you’ll buy the book. e.g. I gave you the money so that you would buy the book. 5) The negative purpose introduced by the analytical subjunctive (lest, for fear that, in case that) with”should”; e.g. He spoke in a low voice lest he should wake up the baby. e.g. I’ll give him a list in case he should forget what to buy. e.g. He left an hour ago so that he wouldn’t be caught in traffic. Task 1 Rewrite the phrases using the words given so that they have a similar meaning. 1) He opened the window. He wanted to let fresh air in. (in order to) He opened the window… 2) I took my camera. I wanted to take some photos. (so that) I took my camera…. 3) He studied really hard. He wanted to get better marks. (in order to) He studied really hard….. 4) Jason learns Chinese. His aim is to work in China. (to) Jason learns Chinese….. 5) I’ve collected money. I will buy a new car. (so that) I’ve collected money….. Task 2 Complete the sentences below with to and for. 1) I need my computer … send an important email. 2) Call your doctor … an appointment. 3) I'm on a diet … lose some weight. 4) I'm going to call the restaurant … book a table. 5) A thermometer is a tool … measuring the temperature. Task 3 Join the sentences using the words given. 1) I’ll tell them that Henry is going there. They will expect him. (so that, will) 2) I’m setting my alarm clock. I want to wake up early tomorrow. (so that, will) 3) Leave the door open. I want to be able to hear the baby. (so that, can) 4) We left her a message. We wanted her to call us. (so that, would) 5) Brian behaved like an angel. He wanted his mother to let him go to the party. (so that, would) Task 4 Match the sentences with their endings. 1) Could you repeat the message slowly so that... 2) She took a taxi so as not to... 3) The association organized a two-day campaign in order to... A. be late for the meeting. B. sensitize people to environmental issues. C. I can understand? Task 5 Choose the best words to complete each sentence. 1) Go down on your hands and knees … cut the chances of falling and hurting yourself. A. so as B. so as to C. in order that 2) … it was already dark, we waited no longer and went home. A. due to B. as C. for 3) This is a machine … polishing wooden floors. We use it in the school. A. to B. used C. for 4) It is better to do it slowly … make a mistake. A. in order not to B. in order to not C. so not to 5) I'm studying English … more job opportunities. A. for have B. for having C. to have